The ongoing modernisation of cars has brought with it many benefits: comfort, refinement, reliability, efficiency… the list goes on. What it’s also led to, though, is ever-greater complexity, and as a result, it can be harder than ever to pin down the exact source of a problem or the cause of a warning light.

That’s where on-board diagnostics come in. The implementation of on-board diagnostics protocols has been mandated in the US since the mid ’90s and Europe in the early 2000s, with plenty of companies using them before then. It means that pretty much every modern car has the ability to tell you what’s wrong with it in the event that it…

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